据烃加工7月19日消息，尽管与2019年创纪录的产量相比，美国的石油和天然气产量同比有所下降，但在2020年，美国石油和天然气产量超过了其他任何国家(这一趋势始于2014年)。美国2020年的石油和天然气总产量为66.9万亿英热单位，超过俄罗斯的45.5万亿英热单位和沙特阿拉伯的26.5万亿英热单位。

　　2020年，这三个国家的石油和天然气产量均出现下降，原因新冠疫情期间需求迅速下降，原油价格随之下跌，特别是在2020年第一季度。作为欧佩克+协议的一部分，沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯同意减少原油产量，但在美国，减产主要是由于油价导致致密油投资减少，在较小程度上是由于计划外停产。

　　石油生产包括几种类型的液体燃料，包括原油和凝析油、天然气液(NGPL)和沥青。美国石油产量从2019年的31.8万亿英热单位下降到2020年的30.4万亿英热单位。原油和凝析油占了下降的最大份额，为1.9万亿英文单位。相比之下，由于国内乙烷消费量和出口量的增加，2020年NGPL产量增长了0.4万亿英热单位。

　　新冠疫情导致的需求下降对天然气产量的影响要小得多。在俄罗斯，由于2020年至2021年冬季气温低于正常水平，以及欧盟可再生能源发电量增加，天然气产量下降。俄罗斯天然气产量下降了2.1 万亿英热单位，几乎与石油产量下降2.3万亿英热单位持平。

　　裘寅 编译自 烃加工

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. leads global petroleum and natural gas production

　　More petroleum and natural gas was produced in the United States than in any other country during 2020 (a trend that began in 2014), despite year-on-year declines from the record-high production in 2019. U.S. petroleum and natural gas output in 2020 totaled 66.9 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), which was more than both Russia’s 45.5 quads and Saudi Arabia’s 26.5 quads of petroleum and natural gas production.

　　Petroleum and natural gas production fell in all three countries in 2020 following a rapid decline in demand during the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent crude oil price declines, particularly in the first quarter of 2020. Saudi Arabia and Russia agreed to reduce their crude oil production as part of an OPEC+ agreement, but in the United States, reduced production was largely the result of a price-induced fall in tight oil investments and, to a lesser extent, unplanned outages.

　　Petroleum production includes several types of liquid fuels, including crude oil and lease condensate, natural gas plant liquids (NGPL), and bitumen. U.S. petroleum production decreased from 31.8 quads in 2019 to 30.4 quads in 2020. Crude oil and condensate accounted for the largest share of the decrease, at 1.9 quads. In contrast, NGPL production in 2020 grew by 0.4 quads, boosted by an increase in domestic ethane consumption and in ethane exports.

　　COVID-19-driven decreases in demand affected natural gas production far less. In Russia, natural gas production fell in response to milder-than-normal temperatures during the 2020–2021 winter and to increases in renewable electricity generation in the EU. Natural gas production in Russia fell by 2.1 quads, nearly equal to its decline of 2.3 quads in oil production.

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